# Tables and grids

You often want to position graphics at regular locations on the drawing. The positions can be provided by:

• Tiler: a rectangular grid which you specify by enclosing area, and the number of rows and columns
• Partition: a rectangular grid which you specify by enclosing area, and the width and height of each cell
• Grid and GridHex a rectangular or hexagonal grid, on demand
• Table: a rectangular grid which you specify by providing row and column numbers, row heights and column widths

These are types which act as iterators. Their job is to provide you with centerpoints; you'll probably want to use these in combination with the cell's widths and heights.

## Tiles and partitions

The drawing area (or any other area) can be divided into rectangular tiles (as rows and columns) using the Tiler and Partition iterators.

The Tiler iterator returns the center point and tile number of each tile in turn.

In this example, every third tile is divided up into subtiles and colored:

tiles = Tiler(800, 500, 4, 5, margin=5)
for (pos, n) in tiles
randomhue()
box(pos, tiles.tilewidth, tiles.tileheight, action=:fill)
if n % 3 == 0
gsave()
translate(pos)
subtiles = Tiler(tiles.tilewidth, tiles.tileheight, 4, 4, margin=5)
for (pos1, n1) in subtiles
randomhue()
box(pos1, subtiles.tilewidth, subtiles.tileheight, action=:fill)
end
grestore()
end
sethue("white")
textcentered(string(n), pos + Point(0, 5))
end

Partition is like Tiler, but you specify the width and height of the tiles, rather than how many rows and columns of tiles you want.

You can obtain the centerpoints of all the tiles in one go with:

first.(collect(tiles))

or obtain ranges with:

tiles[1:2:end]

## Tables

The Table iterator can be used to define tables: rectangular grids with a specific number of rows and columns.

Unlike a Tiler, the Table iterator lets you have columns with different widths, and rows with different heights.

Note

Luxor generally tries to keep to the Julia convention of ‘width’ -> ‘height’, ‘row’ -> ‘column’. This flavour of consistency can sometimes be confusing if you’re expecting other kinds of consistency, such as ‘x before y’ or ‘column major’.)

Tables don't store data, of course, but are designed to help you draw tabular data.

To create a simple table with 3 rows and 4 columns, using the default width and height (100):

julia> t = Table(3, 4);

When you use this as an iterator, you can get the coordinates of the center of each cell, and its number:

julia> for i in t
println("row: $(t.currentrow), column:$(t.currentcol), center: \$(i[1])")
end
row: 1, column: 1, center: Luxor.Point(-150.0, -100.0)
row: 1, column: 2, center: Luxor.Point(-50.0, -100.0)
row: 1, column: 3, center: Luxor.Point(50.0, -100.0)
row: 1, column: 4, center: Luxor.Point(150.0, -100.0)
row: 2, column: 1, center: Luxor.Point(-150.0, 0.0)
row: 2, column: 2, center: Luxor.Point(-50.0, 0.0)
row: 2, column: 3, center: Luxor.Point(50.0, 0.0)
row: 2, column: 4, center: Luxor.Point(150.0, 0.0)
row: 3, column: 1, center: Luxor.Point(-150.0, 100.0)
row: 3, column: 2, center: Luxor.Point(-50.0, 100.0)
row: 3, column: 3, center: Luxor.Point(50.0, 100.0)
row: 3, column: 4, center: Luxor.Point(150.0, 100.0)

You can also access row and column information:

julia> for r in 1:size(t)[1]
for c in 1:size(t)[2]
@show t[r, c]
end
end
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-150.0, -100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-50.0, -100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(50.0, -100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(150.0, -100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-150.0, 0.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-50.0, 0.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(50.0, 0.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(150.0, 0.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-150.0, 100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(-50.0, 100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(50.0, 100.0)
t[r, c] = Luxor.Point(150.0, 100.0)

The next example creates a table with 10 rows and 10 columns, where each cell is 50 units wide and 35 high.

sethue("black")

t = Table(10, 10, 50, 35) # 10 rows, 10 columns, 50 wide, 35 high

hundred = 1:100

for n in 1:length(t)
text(string(hundred[n]), t[n], halign=:center, valign=:middle)
end

setopacity(0.5)
sethue("thistle")
circle.(t[3, :], 20, action=:fill) # row 3, every column

You can access rows or columns in the usual Julian way.

Notice that the table is drawn row by row, whereas 2D Julia arrays are usually accessed column by column.

### Varying row heights and column widths

To specify varying row heights and column widths, supply arrays or ranges to the Table constructor. The next example has logarithmically increasing row heights, and four columns of width 130 points:

t = Table(10 .^ range(0.7, length=25, stop=1.5), fill(130, 4))

for (pt, n) in t
setgray(rescale(n, 1, length(t), 0, 1))
box(pt, t.colwidths[t.currentcol], t.rowheights[t.currentrow], :fill)
sethue("white")
fontsize(t.rowheights[t.currentrow])
text(string(n), pt, halign=:center, valign=:middle)
end

To fill table cells, it's useful to be able to access the table's row and column specifications (using the colwidths and rowheights fields), and iteration can also provide information about the current row and column being processed (currentrow and currentcol).

To ensure that graphic elements don't stray outside the cell walls, you can use a clipping region.

### Drawing arrays and dataframes

With a little bit of extra work you can write code that draws objects like arrays and dataframes combining text with graphic features. For example, this code draws arrays visually and numerically.

function drawbar(t::Table, data, row, column, minvalue, maxvalue, barheight)
setline(1.5)
cellwidth = t.colwidths[column] - 10
leftmargin = t[row, column] - (cellwidth/2, 0)
sethue("gray70")
box(leftmargin - (0, barheight/2), leftmargin + (cellwidth, barheight/2), :fill)
boxwidth = rescale(data[row, column], minvalue, maxvalue, 0, cellwidth)
sethue("red")
box(leftmargin - (0, barheight/2), leftmargin + (boxwidth, barheight/2), :fill)
sethue("black")
line(leftmargin + (boxwidth, -barheight/2),
leftmargin + (boxwidth, +barheight/2),
:stroke)
text(string(round(data[row, column], digits=3)), t[row, column] - (cellwidth/2, 10),
halign=:left)
end

A = rand(6, 6)
l, h = extrema(A)
rt, ct = size(A)
t = Table(size(A), (80, 30))
fontface("Georgia")
fontsize(12)
for r in 1:rt
for c in 1:ct
drawbar(t, A, r, c, l, h, 10)
end
end

## Grids

You might also find a use for a grid. Luxor provides a simple grid utility. Grids are lazy: they'll supply the next point on the grid when you ask for it.

Define a rectangular grid with GridRect, and a hexagonal grid with GridHex. Get the next grid point from a grid with nextgridpoint(grid).

grid = GridRect(O, 40, 80, (10 - 1) * 40)
for i in 1:20
randomhue()
p = nextgridpoint(grid)
squircle(p, 20, 20, :fill)
sethue("white")
text(string(i), p, halign=:center)
end

Random.seed!(42)
end